Preparation of blue fluorescent copper nanoclusters for sensitive and selective sensing of apigenin in pharmaceutical samples.

One-pot means was performed for the rapid preparation of copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs), which were employed as a fluorescence system for the sensitive apigenin measurement in pharmaceutical samples. Herein, CuCl2 aqueous solution was reduced to Cu NCs through ascorbic acid and the Cu NCs were protected through trypsin under 65 ℃ for 4 h. The entire preparation process was rapid, facile and environmentally friendly. The trypsin-capped Cu NCs were demonstrated through ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence lifetime, respectively. The Cu NCs revealed blue fluorescence with emission wavelength around 465 nm under the excitation wavelength of 380 nm. The fluorescence weakening feature of Cu NCs with apigenin was observed. On this basis, a facile and sensitive turn-off fluorescent nanoprobe for the sensing of apigenin in real samples was developed. The logarithm of relative fluorescence intensity revealed a good linear relationship with apigenin contents from 0.5 µM to 300 µM with the detection limit of 0.079 µM. The Cu NCs-based fluorescent nanosensor have been employed to measure the apigenin amounts in real samples such as medical saline, bovine and human serum. The results revealed excellent potential of this Cu NCs-based fluorescent nanoprobe for the convention computation of apigenin amounts in real samples.

Intraoperative cardiac arrest: A 10-year study of patients undergoing tumorous surgery in a tertiary referral cancer center in China.

Intraoperative cardiac arrest (IOCA) is a lethal complication of noncardiac surgery. According to several reports, immediate survival after IOCA is approximately 50%. In this study, a retrospective case analysis was performed to determine the incidence of IOCA, the potential causes of cardiac arrest, and the risk factors of no resuscitation in patients undergoing tumorous surgery.The medical records of surgery patients who experienced cardiac arrest during the intraoperative period between 2005 and 2014 were reviewed. The general conditions of the patients with IOCA were compared between the successfully resuscitated group and the unresuscitated group.Fifteen patients with IOCA among 142,853 patients undergoing tumorous surgery were reviewed during the study period. Immediate survival after IOCA was 60%. Hospital survival was 46.7%. The incidence of IOCA decreased during 2010 to 2014 when compared with the rate during 2005 to 2009 (P < .05). The risk factors affecting the success of resuscitation after IOCA included American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA PS) classification ≥ III (P < .05) and preoperative tachycardia (heart rate ≥100/min, P < .05). The methods of anesthesia had no effects on the results of resuscitation.The incidence of IOCA in patients undergoing tumorous surgery was 1.05 per 10,000 anesthesia. The overall mortality of IOCA was 0.56/10,000. The frequency of IOCA decreased within 10 years. There was no cardiac arrest primarily attributable to anesthesia over this study period. The risk factors leading to unsuccessful resuscitation after IOCA were ASA PS classification ≥ III and preoperative tachycardia.

Prehospital therapeutic hypothermia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness and safety of the infusion of ice-cold fluids for prehospital hypothermia in cardiac arrest victims are unclear. This study assessed its effects in adult victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. METHODS: An online search of PubMed and Cochrane Library databases was performed. Cooling methods were limited to ice-cold fluid perfusion. Randomized controlled trials were included in this review. The main outcomes were body temperature at hospital arrival, survival to hospital discharge, neurological recovery, incidence of pulmonary edema, and the rate of rearrest. RESULTS: Among 1155 citations, 5 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled analysis of these studies revealed no differences in survival to hospital discharge, favorable neurological outcomes, and incidence of pulmonary edema between the treatment group and control group. There were significant differences in body temperature at hospital arrival (I2 = 0.0%, χ2 = 2.58, MD = -0.760, 95% confidence interval = -0.938 to -0.581, P < .001) and the rate of rearrest (I2 = 0.0%, χ2 = 0.69, 95% confidence interval = 1.109 to 1.479, P = .031). CONCLUSIONS: Prehospital therapeutic hypothermia induced by intravenous infusion of ice-cold fluids in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest decreased body temperature at hospital arrival but did not improve survival to hospital discharge and favorable neurological outcomes. Ice-cold fluid infusion did not increase the incidence of pulmonary edema but increased the incidence of rearrests.